Sunday, 17 February 2008

2008_01_01_archive



Chilean man wakes at his wake

It's a Miracle!

Posted by Dianne at 2:50 PM 0 comments

The abortion debate has new life

Last week I had a letter to the editor published in the Hamilton

Spectator. Yes, that is really me. I wrote it in response to The City

of Hamilton, pulling LifeCanada's ad campaign - Abortion: Have We Gone

Too Far?

Below is Margaret Somerville's article from yesterdays Globe and Mail,

mentioning the City of Hamilton too. She makes some very good points.

Margaret Somerville is founding director of the Centre for Medicine,

Ethics and Law at McGill University

The debate has new life

Twenty years after R. v Morgentaler, there's lots to talk about

MARGARET SOMERVILLE

From Thursday's Globe and Mail

January 24, 2008 at 7:55 AM EST

A recent spate of articles in this and other papers argued that

society

should be more open in talking about abortion, not be embarrassed by

it,

including talking about having had an abortion. Author Judith Timson

wrote

that, in practice, abortion is "still kept very quiet."

I agree. Let's bring the talk out in the open.

In fact, the pro-life community also is wondering: What should be done

about

abortion becoming a prohibited topic of discussion and debate?

Just last week, the city of Hamilton, pulled LifeCanada's ad campaign

-

Abortion: Have We Gone Too Far? - from its bus shelters after a

handful of

complaints. The ad showed a pregnant woman with the statement: "Nine

months:

The length of time abortion is allowed in Canada. No medical reason

needed?"

and a tag line: "Abortion: Have we gone too far?"

The city councillor who asked that the ads be pulled said, "For me,

personally, it definitely was offensive."

In the past few months, there have been hostile encounters between

pro-choice student unions and pro-life student groups on several

Canadian

campuses. Pro-choice students want to restrict what pro-life students

may

say, want to ban the posting of anti-abortion materials, and want to

refuse

funding to pro-life clubs. Doug Diaczuk, a Lakehead University

student,

justifies this in the student newspaper on the grounds that "many

students

were upset by the [pro-life] poster campaign."

But what about respect for freedom of speech, especially in relation

to law

and public policy, and for freedom of religion and conscience?

A strategy for silencing pro-life supporters is to label them as

religious

and as proselytizing. It's unfortunate abortion can dismissed as a

religious

issue, because then we fail to identify the full range of reasons why

it's

still a source of such major conflict.

Here are some of the reasons.

Moral intuition

Harvard psychologist, Steven Pinker, reports how recent

neuropsychology

research is confirming that humans have an inbuilt "moral instinct"

that

seems to have some universal content. In ethics, we speak of an

ethical

"yuck factor." When we face the facts about abortion honestly, no

matter

what our views, most of us have such a reaction. Our moral intuition

tells

us that abortion is never a "nothing event." Some people deal with

their

disquiet by suppressing their moral intuitions. Seeing or hearing

about what

abortion entails makes that much harder to do.

Our choice of language also affects how we see the ethics of abortion.

As

Judith Timson noted, in the movie Knocked Up ("a ribald comedy," about

a

young career woman who gets pregnant after a one-night stand) abortion

is

"coyly referred to [only] as 'shmashmortion.' " The sound of this word

could

make us more aware, both factually and ethically, of what abortion

involves.

Or it could be a euphemism, which usually dulls ethical sensitivity.

Many use the term "therapeutic abortion" in explaining that, in

Canada, 58

per cent of teen pregnancies end in abortion. "Therapeutic" puts a

medical

cloak on abortion, which reassures our moral intuitions and provides a

possible justification for an act we might otherwise see as wrong.

Normalization

In finding abortion to be a Hollywood "taboo," Ms. Timson cites an

academic

who says that Knocked Up "side-stepped the abortion option ... which

seemed

out of touch with the modern hip audience that the movie was otherwise

directed toward."

This statement confirms an important insight of Rowan Williams,

Archbishop

of Canterbury: We have lost our sense that abortion involves "a major

moral

choice - it's been normalized," he said. "Something has happened to

our

assumptions about the life of the unborn child ... when one third of

pregnancies in Europe end in abortion."

The basic presumption that a pregnancy would result in the birth of a

baby,

unless, in rare cases, there was clear justification for preventing

that,

has changed to a presumption that there is a range of acceptable

options in

relation to pregnancy of which abortion is one.

Denial

Abortion advocates vehemently oppose any legal recognition that a

fetus even

exists. They want public square silence, legal silence and political

silence

in relation to fetuses, in order to maintain silence on abortion.

They are correct that shining a light on fetuses, rather than just on

pregnant women who want an abortion, makes many people very morally

uneasy

about abortion. That's what happened when the young pro-life advocate

in the

movie Juno called out to her schoolmate who was about to enter an

abortion

clinic: "It's got fingernails." That also personalizes the fetus. The

pregnant teenager changed her mind, deciding against abortion. Surely

- and

certainly ethically - we should deal with abortion by recognizing what

it

involves and then justifying whatever position we take.

The use of law

A recent Environics poll showed 62 per cent of Canadians (and

two-thirds of

Canadian women) think there should be some law governing abortion, at

least

at the point of fetal viability - that is, they disagree with the

current

situation in which abortion is never a legal issue. But a strong

majority

also believes abortion should not always be a legal issue. So, while

all

abortions raise ethical issues that must be addressed, when and how we

should use the law to govern it is a separate question.

Authentic choice

An authentic pro-choice stance requires all options to be on the

table, not

just that of abortion. It also requires that a woman give her informed

consent to the option she chooses. Informed consent means having all

the

information that would be material to a reasonable person in the same

circumstances in making her decision. Those circumstances include

facts

about the fetus and what an abortion involves, including its harms and

risks. These are routinely played down and research demonstrating them

derided by pro-choice advocates.

A woman's right to choose an abortion is often presented as a dignity

argument. Some scholars have defined two concepts of dignity:

dignity-as-liberty, which favours individuals' autonomy and

self-determination, and dignity-as-constraint, which preserves human

dignity, in general (the prohibition of sex-selection abortion is a

good

example). Abortion requires us to balance these two kinds of dignity,


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